Si fueras secretario general de la ONU, ¿qué harías?

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La teoría dice que nuestro sistema económico se vale de sí mismo para garantizar el bien común: el mercado premiará lo mejor, lo bueno, lo ético para todos, y por tanto se producirán beneficios económicos. ¿Es la crisis una prueba de que interés y ética no son dos caras de la misma moneda?

Momento del debate "Crisis mundial; ¿hay soluciones posibles?" en Campus Excelencia 2009

“No hay ningún pensador serio que no conecte liberalismo y ética. La humanidad tiene que asumir que las crisis forman parte del sistema”. Lo dice Antonio Garrigues, icono de la asesoría política y legal al más alto nivel (ver Wikipedia). “Sin la Economía de Mercado no hay futuro. ¿Cuál es la alternativa? ¿Un estado interviniente?”

“Precisamente”, le contestan otros ponentes del Campus Excelencia 2009 como Bernardo Kliksberg, asesor de Naciones Unidas. “Esta crisis está provocada por una falta de ética por parte de toda una generación de políticos y empresarios en Estados Unidos. Las instituciones de regulación dejaron de funcionar; eso es un fracaso ético y un atentado público contra los derechos humanos. Si no ponemos remedio, esto volverá a repetirse”.

Garrigues reconoce que con las cifras históricas de hambruna “hay que afrontar el futuro de otra manera”, pero considera que lo prioritario es combatir la corrupción, “la única leucemia importante de la economía, que afecta siempre más a los pobres que a los ricos”. Y otro objetivo: que la Corte Penal Internacional funcione, que haya justicia global, y para eso “habrá que unificar los cinco sistemas jurídicos – anglosajón, europeo, marxista, islámico e indígena”.

“Todos somos cómplices silenciosos. ¿Cuántas vidas se salvan con el dinero que gastamos en ir al cine? ¿Cuántas vacunas se compran con lo que saquemos ahora mismo del bolsillo”, dice Miguel Ángel Cañizares, ex ministro de Educación de Panamá. “Con 20 dólares por niño, se pagan todas esas vacunas”, responde Kliksberg. “¿Acaso es una ficción que se mueran? Lo que es una ficción es que podamos vivir en el planeta de este modo sin tener un riesgo permanente de explosión social”.

Balbir Mathur, Sam Daley-Harris y Ana Lucina García Maldonado centran sus mensajes en la esperanza, las lecciones aprendidas y la estimulación de proyectos locales.

Y entonces, ¿qué?

El moderador saca de su chistera una pregunta de esas que se le hacen a los niños para que se muestren en toda su ingenuidad ante la televisión. “Y entonces usted, ¿qué sería lo primero que haría si fuera nombrado secretario general de Naciones Unidas?“. La sombra del realismo se cierne sorprendentemente sobre los ponentes y la cuestión se vuelve trascendental.

Lo primero que haría Garrigues sería llamar a Obama. Cañizales también llamaría a Estados Unidos y además a China. Lo primero que haría Mathur sería llamar a los jefes de estado de todas las naciones para mejorar la educación en el mundo. Lo primero que haría Maldonado sería también llamar a Obama para que combata sobre todo “la situación de las mujeres en los países árabes” (sic).

Esta ficticia “ronda de llamadas” es sintomática: el debate de las ideas es ancho, pero el abanico de iniciativas institucionales que el sistema permite a ciertos niveles es muy estrecho y redundante hasta la ineficacia (cabe pensar que el actual jefe de la ONU ya ha hecho todas esas cosas antes de tener que recurrir a ponerse en huelga de hambre). Es la hora de la creatividad: “Yo llamaría a los países, sí – apunta Sam Daley-Harris, que hace lobby político en favor de los microcréditos – pero también llamaría a los medios de comunicación para que juntos nos impliquemos socialmente con organizaciones que nadie conoce en los lugares donde la ayuda se necesita y, luego, exportar su ejemplo”.

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Re: Si fueras secretario general de la ONU, ¿qué harías?

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